Georgia State University (GSU) BIOL 1103 Introductory Biology I Exam 1 Practice Exam

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• Which term refers to the building blocks that join together to form polymers?
• An element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons is known as what?
• What term describes a giant molecule formed by joining smaller molecules, usually through dehydration, such as proteins or nucleic acids?
• Most common fatty acids in vegetable oils are?
• What is the dissolving agent in a solution called?
• Which type of covalent bond involves equal sharing of electrons between atoms?
• Which mineral reduces tooth decay?
• The 10-fold scale used to determine acid and base strength is the?
• What molecule is the product of transcription of DNA and may go on to make protein?
• Which process changes substances by breaking existing bonds and forming new ones?
• Trans fats negatively affect which aspect of health?
• Which group of particles comprises the outer electrons that participate in bonding?
• Compounds with the same formula but different structural arrangements are called?
• Which functional group contains a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogens and the carbon skeleton?
• Iodine is essential for the production of a hormone produced by the thyroid gland; a deficiency can cause the thyroid to enlarge abnormally. Which element is this?
• Which statement best describes the relationship between independent and dependent variables in an experiment?
• What are the structural and functional units of life?
• Which chemical substance of genes has a double helix?
• Molecules composed only of hydrogen and carbon are known as?
• Which chemical formula represents water?
• Which term describes nonliving components of an environment?
• Which pair describes substances that do not mix with water vs that do mix with water?
• Which element is a major component of human bones?
• Which term refers to an inert treatment used to control for placebo effects in a study?
• Which term describes molecules that are mirror images that cannot be superimposed, such as in Thalidomide?
• Which of the following is given as an example of a healthy diet?
• Standard US diet is very high in which fats?
• In the described organization of living organisms, which rank sits above Kingdom in the hierarchy?
• ALA is found in which foods?
• Which units carry instructions for inherited traits and are located on chromosomes?
• Which group consists of a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms and is commonly involved in energy transfers in cells?
• Which process results when individuals with favorable inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce?
• Which carbohydrate forms the major component of plant cell walls?
• The material notes high fat proteins are associated with which fatty acids?
• Which term describes a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by ordinary chemical means?
• Which element is central to organic molecules and many biological compounds?
• Which field studies the genome as a whole, including interactions among genes and with the environment?
• Which term describes the clinging of one substance to another?
• Which major component forms the tough walls of plant cells and is the most abundant organic compound on Earth?
• What is the chemical formula for table salt?
• Which functional group is defined by a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom?
• In a saline solution, which component is the solute?
• Some foods require fortification because some nutrients are not found naturally in that product. What is this practice called?
• Which two domains are primarily composed of prokaryotic organisms?
• Which process forms polymers by removing a molecule of water as bonds form between monomers?
• What term describes a liquid consisting of a uniform mixture of two or more substances?
• Polysaccharides are polymers of hundreds to thousands of monosaccharides linked by dehydration reactions.
• Propane contains how many carbon atoms?
• Which element is a major component of bone and teeth in humans?
• Which term describes the complete set of genetic instructions that an organism inherits?
• Which polysaccharide serves as the storage form of glucose in animals?
• Which statement correctly distinguishes temperature and heat?
• Which term describes substances that donate hydrogen ions to solutions?
• What is the substance dissolved in a solution called?
• Omega-3 fatty acids have what major benefits?
• Which term describes all populations of different species living together in a defined area?
• Which compound is essential for life and makes up most of the body's water?
• In biological fluids, buffers serve to minimize changes in pH.
• Which term describes a concise statement about a natural phenomenon that describes a universal relationship under given conditions?
• Which term is a simplified representation of reality used to understand or predict system behavior?
• What term refers to the complete set of genetic material in an organism's cells?
• Which storage polysaccharide is found in plants and consists of long chains of glucose?
• What is the field of science that studies life?
• Which functional group is a carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms and can influence gene expression?
• Which lipoprotein is considered the 'bad' cholesterol associated with atherosclerosis?
• Which term describes anything that occupies space and has mass and has phases including solid, liquid, and gas?
• What term describes the building blocks from which polymers are made?
• Which are the units of inheritance that transmit information from parents to offspring?
• If water is the solvent, the solution is called an?
• In the hierarchy described for the five-kingdom system, which rank is listed third?
• Which storage polysaccharide is primarily stored in liver and muscle cells?
• A group of organisms of one type that live in the same area is called the:
• Which statement about valence electrons is true?
• Which type of bond results from the complete transfer of valence electrons, forming ions?
• Atherosclerosis is characterized by what?
• What is the chemical formula for glucose?
• Which functional group is commonly involved in energy transfer and is the component of energy-rich molecules such as ATP?
• Which is a listed benefit of dietary fiber?
• The combination of living organisms and their physical environment is called the:
• Which dietary change is recommended to improve cholesterol?
• Which gas is produced when humans exhale?
• Which diet can promote satiety and assist with weight loss?
• Which of the following are the classical states of matter?
• An electronegativity difference of about 1.7 between two atoms typically indicates which type of bond?
• Smallest functional unit of life is:
• Glucose plus galactose forms which disaccharide?
• Which statement best describes a polar molecule?
• Which class of molecules ranges from simple sugars to large polysaccharides and includes substances found in foods like candy and bread?
• What term describes the attractions that hold atoms together in substances?
• Tissues, organs, and organ systems are made up of groups of what?
• Which statement best summarizes the principle 'like dissolves like'?
• Which statement correctly describes the three-domain system?
• Which term describes a substance that dissolves in water and is polar?
• Which statement about lipids is true?
• Variations in carbon skeletons include length, branching, double bonds, and rings. This set of features is referred to as?
• Which term describes a tentative, testable explanation for a phenomenon?
• Which term refers to a working hypothesis that is supported by extensive experimental evidence and explains why something happens?
• Which functional group identifies whether a sugar is an aldose or a ketose?
• Which process builds polymers by removing water during polymerization?
• Which term describes living or once lived things?
• How many essential amino acids must come from food?
• A group of populations that live together in a defined area is called the:
• Which property describes the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid due to cohesive forces?
• What term refers to the six important groups that influence a molecule's reactivity by participating in chemical reactions?
• What does a cladogram illustrate in biology?
• Which term describes living components of an environment?
• Epigenetics refers to changes in gene transcription without alterations to the DNA sequence. What best defines epigenetics?
• Which class of molecules is commonly found in foods such as bread, pasta, and potatoes?
• Which variable is kept constant to ensure observed effects are due to the manipulation?
• What are triglycerides composed of?
• Which term describes a simplified version of reality used for understanding and predictions but not the real system?
• The part of Earth that contains all ecosystems is called the:
• Which process breaks polymers into monomers by adding water?
• What property of water explains its resistance to temperature change?
• Which type of cell lacks a nucleus?
• Which type of bond forms when two atoms share a pair of electrons?
• Which of the following statements is true about cells?
• What is described as the basis of life in the material?
• Which diet is described as very unhealthy in the material?
• What do you call a solution in which water is the solvent?
• Which element is vital for processing energy and transporting oxygen in the blood?
• Which term describes a substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio?
• Which foods are described as high fat proteins with potential high triglycerides and omega-6 fatty acids?
• A nucleotide consists of which three components?
• What term describes a substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution?
• Which term describes the addition of nutrients to foods that were not originally present?
• Which classification system includes Monera, Protists, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia?
• What is the smallest unit of most chemical compounds?
• Which description best describes DNA's structure?
• Isotopes differ from one another by which property?
• Which lipid class has four fused rings?
• Which macromolecule is built from nucleotides?
• Which chemical symbol represents iron, an element found in blood?
• What property describes the measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid?
• What term describes simple sugars like glucose and fructose?
• Which term describes the energy-related property of atoms to attract electrons, often used to explain chemical bonding?
• Which fats have no double bonds and are solid at room temperature?
• Which lipoprotein is considered the 'good' cholesterol?
• Which covalent bond results from unequal sharing of electrons due to differences in electronegativity?
• Which lipid class typically contains two fatty acids attached to a glycerol and a phosphate group?
• In an experiment, which group receives no treatment and serves as a baseline for comparison?
• Molecules based on carbon are referred to as?
• What is the variable that is measured to assess the effect of the manipulated variable?
• What is the chemical formula for table salt?
• Trans fats are formed by which process?
• In an experiment, which group receives the treatment being tested?
• What term refers to breaking existing chemical bonds and forming new ones, resulting in new substances?
• Which practice involves adding nutrients to foods to improve their nutritional value?
• Which bond type arises from a partial positive hydrogen and a partial negative electronegative atom in another molecule?
• Which term describes the tendency of like molecules to stick together?
• Which example illustrates an acid donating a proton in solution?
• What term describes a long molecule formed by linking many identical or similar building blocks?
• Which term describes a substance that does not dissolve in water and is water-fearing?
• Which term refers to all living organisms in a given area, plus the nonliving environment?
• Which is a weak bond formed between two molecules through attraction between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom in the other molecule?
• Which statement about iodine and thyroid health is true?
• Which gas is a major component of Earth's atmosphere and is relatively inert under many conditions?
• Which of the following is listed as the highest rank in the taxonomic organization described?
• Proteins are built from up to how many amino acids?
• Which element is commonly added to table salt to prevent iodine deficiency?
• Which term describes non-living things?
• Which statement describes unsaturated fats?
• Glucose plus fructose forms which disaccharide?
• What property measures how much an element wants to acquire electrons?
• Which diet is mentioned as a healthy example along with South Beach?
• Which functional group is defined by a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogens and is a characteristic feature of amino acids?
• An individual living thing is called the:
• Which functional group is carbon double-bonded to an oxygen atom and bonded to a hydroxyl group, often acting as an acid by donating a proton?
• Long-term exposure to radiation can lead to cancer risk; low levels may be considered relatively safe. What is this phenomenon called?
• Which term describes a substance composed of only one kind of atom?
• EPA and DHA are primarily found in?
• The pH scale is logarithmic, with each unit representing a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration. True or False?
• Living things are characterized by growth, reproduction, energy use, adaptation, response, and regulation. Which term best captures all these properties?
• Which functional group is noted as a non-polar exception among common polar groups?
• Which term describes the flow of energy through an ecosystem from sunlight to living organisms?
• Which subatomic particle participates in chemical bonding?
• The entire library of genetic instructions that an organism inherits is called:
• Which term refers to the energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules?
• A community is best defined as which of the following?
• Substances that minimize changes in pH are called?
• Which term refers to atoms or molecules with a net electrical charge due to gain or loss of electrons?
• Which bond type forms when electrons are shared nearly equally due to very small electronegativity difference?
• Which kingdom name is used in some classification schemes to include all bacteria?
• The area that studies the interaction between nutrition and genetics is called what?
• The study of genomes is called:
• Which term represents the sum of all ecosystems on Earth?
• Alcohols are a class of organic compounds characterized by containing which functional group?
• Which statement best reflects the material's view on high fat proteins?
• What is the variable that the researcher deliberately changes?
• The hydroxyl group is defined as a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom bonded to a carbon skeleton. What is this group called?
• Which term describes an explanation of natural relationships that has been repeatedly tested and consistently observed?
• Which disaccharide is glucose-glucose?
• The tendency of atoms to have eight electrons in their valence shell is described by which rule?
• What is a typical healthy target for total cholesterol levels?
• Which type of cell contains a nucleus and is found in plants and animals?